Effect of DC vaccine sensitized with CpG ODN combined with tumor antigen on murine melanoma / 药学学报

The potential application of dendritic cells (DC) sensitized with cytosine-phosphoric acid-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) and tumor antigen as a vaccine against murine melanoma was investigated with freshly isolated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. For the DC vaccine preparation, DC were sensitized with the B16 tumor antigen and CpG ODN was used to promote further maturation of the DC. The immunogenic activity of the vaccine was evaluated in vitro by determining the proliferation of T lymphocytes and the killing effect of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) on B16 tumor cells. The DC vaccine was injected intraperitoneally and tumor inhibition in mice bearing B16 xenografts was examined. All mice were cared for under an approved SIMM Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol. In vitro, this DC vaccine promoted the proliferation of T lymphocytes and showed a potent killing effect on the target B16 cells. In vivo experiments showed that after treatment or pre-immunization both the tumor volume and weight were significantly decreased. The DC vaccine with CpG ODN and tumor antigen exhibited an inhibitory effect against melanoma, providing a potential method for melanoma cancer treatment.

Novel patchouli alcohol ternary solid dispersion pellets prepared by poloxamers

The present study investigates the possibility of using poloxamers as solubility and dissolution rate enhancing agents of poorly water soluble bioactive constituent patchouli alcohol [PA] that can be used for the preparation of immediate release pellets formulation. Two commercially available grades poloxamer 188 [P 188] and poloxamer 407 [P 407] were selected, and solid dispersions [SDs] containing different weight ratio of PA and poloxamers, and the combination of P 188 and P 407 as dispersing carriers of ternary solid dispersions [tSDs] were prepared by a low temperature melting method and solidified rapidly by dropping into the 10-15 °C condensing agent atoleine. Both PA/P 188 and PA/P 407 binary solid dispersions [bSDs] could remarkably promote the dissolution rate of PA, increasing approximately 16 times in bSDs with poloxamers in comparison with pure PA within 180 min. P188 contributed to a faster dissolution rate than P 407, however, P 407 had a better solubility. It is interesting to note that the incorporation of P 188 in PA/P 407 bSD pellets could strongly enhance the dissolution rate of PA. DSC and FTIR were used to explore the characteristics of PA-SD pellets. The enhancement of dissolution from the SDs may be attributed partly to the reduction in particle size in PA crystalline due to the formation of eutectic system with poloxamers. Moreover, a simple, accurate in-vitro dissolution test method for volatility drug was established, and the process of PA-SD pellets preparation was simple, rapid, cost effective, uncomplicated and potentially scalable

Remote Slit Lamp Microscope Consultation System Based on Web / 中国医疗器械杂志

To realize the remote operation of the slit lamp microscope for department of ophthalmology consultation, and visual display the real-time status of remote slit lamp microscope, a remote slit lamp microscope consultation system based on B/S structure is designed and implemented. Through framing the slit lamp microscope on the website system, the realtime acquisition and transmission of remote control and image data is realized. The three dimensional model of the slit lamp microscope is established and rendered on the web by using WebGL technology. The practical application results can well show the real-time interactive of the remote consultation system.

Cell-penetrating chimeric apoptotic peptide AVPI-LMWP/DNA co-delivery system for cancer therapy / 药学学报

To develop a cell-penetrating chimeric apoptotic peptide AVPI-LMWP/DNA co-delivery system for cancer therapy, we prepared the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL self-assembled complexes containing a therapeutic combination of peptide drug AVPI and DNA drug TRAIL. The chimeric apoptotic peptide AVPI-LMWP was synthesized using the standard solid-phase synthesis. The cationic AVPI-LMWP could condense pTRAIL by electrostatic interaction. The physical-chemical properties of the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL complexes were characterized. The cellular uptake efficiency and the inhibitory activity of the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL complexes on tumor cell were also performed. The results showed that the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL complexes were successfully prepared by co-incubation. With the increase of mass ratio (AVPI-LMWP/DNA), the particle size was decreased and the zeta potential had few change. Agarose gel electrophoresis showed that AVPI-LMWP could fully bind and condense pTRAIL at a mass ratio above 15:1. Cellular uptake efficiency was improved along with the increased ratio of W(AVPI-LMWP)/WpTRAIL. The in vitro cytotoxicity experiments demonstrated that the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL (W:W = 20:1) complexes was significantly more effective than the pTRAIL, AVPI-LMWP alone or LMWP/pTRAIL complexes on inhibition of HeLa cell growth. Our studies indicated that the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL co-delivery system could deliver plasmid into HeLa cell and induce tumor cell apoptosis efficiently, which showed its potential in cancer therapy using combination of apoptoic peptide and gene drugs.

Association between ameloblastin gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to dental Fluorosis / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the distribution of ameloblastin(AMBN) gene polymorphism in coal-fire caused fluorosis (CFCF) in Chongqing municipality and the relationship between AMBN gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to dental fluorosis.Methods Under a case-control study,100 children aged 8-12 and 30 adults with dental fluorosis were enrolled in Wushan and Fengjie counties of Chongqing from December 2010 to February 2011.Another 100 children aged 8-12 and 30 adults with non-dental fluorosis were chosen as internal control groups together with 50 childrenand 30 adults without dental fluorosis were selected as external control groups in the non-epidemic area of Yubei district.DNA was extracted from peripheral blood sample of these people.Genotype of AMBN gene 7 extron 538_540delGGA,10 extron 657A＞G and 13 extron 986C＞T loci were detected using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)technique.Results The rates of 7 extron 538_540delGGA loci among case,internal and external control groups were as follows:GGA/GGA-/-61.2％ (74/121),78.5％ (102/130),74.3％ (52/70) ;GGA/-:24.0％ (29/121),15.4％ (20/130),22.9％ (16/70) ;-/-:14.8％ (18/121),6.1％ (8/130),2.8％ (2/70),the difference was statistically significant (x2=14.353,P＜0.05).The AA appeared to be 86.8％(105/121),93.1％(121/130),91.4％(64/70) and AG were 13.2％(16/121),6.9％(9/130),8.6％ (6/70),with difference not statistically significant (x2=2.972,P＞0.05).CC appeared as 81.0％ (98/121),90.0％(117/130),87.1％(61/70) while CT as 19.0％(23/121),10.0％(13/130),12.9％(9/70),with difference not statistically significant (x2=4.319,P＞0.05).In comparing with the two control groups,the frequency of GGA/GGA was decreasing (x2 values were 8.957,3.405,respectively,P＜0.05) while the frequency of-/-was increasing (x2 values were 5.134,6.833,respectively,P＜0.05).Results from the univariate analysis showed that the individuals who were carrying-/-genotype had an increased risk of suffering from fluorosis (OR values were 2.7,5.9,respectively,P＜0.05).When compared with the internal control group,the CT genotype of case group showed an increase (x2=4.139,P＜0.05) while individuals that carrying CT genotype had an increased risk of suffering from fluorosis (OR=2.1,P＜0.05),in epidemic-area.Conclusion Our results showed that the 7 extron 538_540delGGA and the 13 extron 986C＞T loci polymorphism in AMBN gene might serve as the susceptibility factors causing the coal-fired fluorosis.

Relationship between whole blood chemical dements and coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis / 中国地方病学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the differences of whole blood chemical elements and urinary fluorine between patients with endemic fluomsis and patients without endemic fluorosis,and to find out the elements associated with endemic fluorosis and further lay a theoretical basis for clarify the pathogenesis of the disease.MethodsUsing case-control study,100 children aged 8 - 12 with dental fluorosis in Wushan and Fengjie counties of Chongqing from December 2010 to February 2011,and 30 adults with skeletal fluorosis were enrolled as case group; 100 children aged 8 - 12 without dental fluorosis and 30 adults without skeletal fluorosis were enrolled as internal control group; and 50 children without dental fluorosis and 30 healthy adults were selected as external control group in non-epidemic areas in Yubei district.Whole blood copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium,iron and urinary fluorine of all subjects were determined,and differences of these indexes were compared between groups.ResultsThe levels of copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium,iron and urinary fluorine of children in the case group were (30.08 ± 2.83),(74.04 ± 9.75)μmol/L,(1.65 ± 0.29),(1.37 ± 0.17),(6.79 ± 1.27)mmol/L,and (0.73 ±0.37)mg/L,respectively; the levels of these elements of children in internal control group were (28.65 ± 3.96),(72.83 ± 11.35)μmol/L,(1.62 ± 0.27),(1.36 ± 0.18),(6.73 ± 1.22)mmol/L,and (0.48 ± 0.21)mg/L,respectively; in external control group were (32.03 ± 2.99),(77.78 ± 10.85)μmol/L,(1.41 ± 0.11),(1.43 ± 0.13),(7.66 ±0.55)mmol/L,and (0.49 ± 0.26)mg/L,respectively(all P＜ 0.05),the comparison between any two groups indicated the levels of copper,zinc,magnesium,iron of the case group were lower than that of external control group,urinary fluorine was higher than that of internal and external control groups(all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium,iron and urinary fluorine of adult case were (26.93 ± 4.37),(95.89 ± 12.45)μmol/L,(1.50 ± 1.76),(1.56 ± 1.96),(8.15 ± 1.00)mmol/L,and (2.17 ± 0.99)mg/L; internal control group were (26.26 ±4.96),(94.86 ± 12.18)μmol/L,(1.57 ± 0.12),(1.46 ± 0.16),(7.64 ± 1.00)mmol/L,and (1.44 ± 1.22)mg/L;external control group were (26.20 ± 2.96),(96.52 ± 11.11)μmol/L,(1.48 ± 0.14),(1.45 ± 0.16),(7.81 ±0.91 )mmol/L,and (0.55 ± 0.21 )mg/L,respectively.The levels of magnesium,iron and urinary fluorine of case group were higher than that of internal control group,magnesium and urinary fluorine were higher than that of external control group(all P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsIn vivo anti-fluorine elements are deficient in the areas with endemic fluorosis.Other chemical elements,the environment and genetic factors may be related to the pathogenesisof the disease,which needs a further comprehensive analysis.

Study on the association between environmental chemical elements and fluorosis caused by coal-fire pollution / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the distribution of chemical elements in soil.To investigate the differences between patients under different state of fluorosis and normal population after preventive measurement was implemented to get rid of some chemical elements and to lower the urine fluoride levels so as to illustrate the pathogenesis of the disease.Methods Both ecological and comparative studies had been used to analyze the rates and levels of chemical elements.Teeth and skeletal from the patients with fluorosis and controls were taken and florin ion-selective-electrode method was used to determine urine the content of fluorine.Atomic Absorption Spectrometry was used to determine the copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron contents in the whole blood.Differences of contents were analyzed.Results In Wushan county,the soil contents of nickel (r＝0.553,P＝0.050),iodine (r＝0.571,P＝0.041),fluorine (r＝0.303,P＝0.005),pH value (r＝0.304,P＝0.005) and the rates of fluorosis showed weaker positive relationship.In Fengjie county,the soil contents of mercury (r＝0.285,P＝0.001),nickel (r＝0.212,P＝0.00) and the rates of fluorosis also showed weaker positive relationship.In Wushan county,the urine fluoride level in the patients group [(0.64 ± 0.34) mg/L] was higher than that in the control group [(0.44 ± 0.59) mg/L],(P ＜ 0.05).In Fengjie county,copper [(29.63 ± 3.32)μmol/L] and urine fluoride [(0.83 ±0.37)mg/L] levels in the patients group showed higher than that in the control group [(26.76 ± 3.63) μmol/L,(0.53±0.23)mg/L],(P＜0.05).zinc (Zn) [(76.13 ± 11.24)μmol/L],calcium (Ca) [(1.87± 0.25)mmol/L],magnesium (Mg)[(1.41 ±0.18)mmol/L] and fluoride [(0.83 ±0.37)mg/L] levels in urine of the patients in children were higher in Fengjie than that in Wushan [(71.95 ± 7.53) μmol/L,(1.43 ±1.34) mmol/L,(1.34±0.15) mmol/L,(0.64 ±0.34)mg/L],(P＜0.05).Mg [(1.56± 1.96)mmol/L],ferrum [(8.15 ± 1.00)mmol/L] and fluoride [(2.17 ± 0.99)mg/L] levels among adult patients were significantly higher than in the control group [(1.46±0.16) mmol/L,(7.64± 1.00)mmol/L,(1.44±1.22)mg/L] (P＜0.05).Conclusion Soil,rich in alkaline and fluorosis could increase the intake of fluorine while nickel,cadmium,iodine content in soil might relate to the occurrence of fluorosis.Residents living in endemic areas where anti-fluorine elements as Zn,Ca and Mg were in shortage,might be affected by these chemical elements that related with fluorosis.

Preliminary study on human mature placenta tissue-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

Clinical transplantation has indicated that cord blood (CB) can be used in the hematopoietic reconstitution in the children, but not well used in the adult patients because of the low cell amount. The present study aimed to explore the capability of proliferation and differentiation of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from human mature placenta tissue (PT) in vitro, and to find a new source of hematopoietic/progenitor cells for clinical transplantation. CD34(+) cells in human mature placenta tissue were isolated and characterized by using enzyme-digestion method and flow cytometry. A long culture system without cytokines was established with human mature placenta tissue-derived mononucleated cells and cord blood mononuclear cells. The number of nucleated cells was weekly counted in culture for 14 weeks. The number of CFC was counted in culture for 2 weeks. The results showed that the CFC yields (CFU-GM, 186.90 +/- 24.52; BFU-E, 101.40 +/- 13.35) and the percentage of CD34(+) cells (2.74 +/- 0.61%) and CD34(+)/CD38(-) cells (2.46 +/- 0.42%) in placenta tissue (PT) were higher than CFC (CFU-GM, 136.90 +/- 25.15; BFU-E, 49.20 +/- 8.13), CD34(+) cells (1.73 +/- 0.32%) and CD34(+)/CD38(-) cells (0.80 +/- 0.25%) in cord blood (CB). The MNCs from PT have shown more survival ability than the cells from CB in the long-term cell culture condition; and the cells from PT increased by 2 times. It is concluded that the placenta may be another hematopoietic organ in ontogeny. The cells from placenta were more juvenile, and may be favorable source for clinical stem cell transplantation.